Diabetes Mellitus is a persistent disorder that affects the blood sugar levels in the body, causing many complications. Cardiovascular and kidney diseases are more prone to happen in the case of extremely high blood sugar levels. This mainly happens when the pancreas fails to produce insulin or when the cells fail to utilize this produced insulin in carrying out
functions like maintaining sugar levels.
Majorly classified into 3 main types – type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes – it can affect people from any age group. Sometimes it happens during pregnancy and goes away post-delivery; while in some cases, it just occurs due to genetic inheritance even at a small age. Diabetes in kids is mainly of type 2, which might occur because of obese body structure or
uneven food habits or because of family history with diabetes. Most often it is type 1, which shows up as Diabetes in kids, and this can be prevented by following precautionary measures such as follows:
Taking care of physical fitness
Following the regular diet and keeping weight gain on a lower side Intaking little portions of healthy foods at regular intervals .
Type-2 diabetes can be controlled by healthy diet and exercise, while for type 1 it might be mandatory to take a doctor’s advice in using supplementary insulin medication.
Self-monitoring or keeping a check on hemoglobin levels at regular intervals may help in treating diabetes at initial stages by controlling glycemic levels. Basic information on how to analyze the blood glucose levels is highly essential to adjust their food intake to avoid complications.
Quintessential symptoms of any kind of diabetes are polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia (increased hunger). Most of these are commonly observed in type-1 diabetes, while they may or may not be even spotted in type 2. Other signs which prove that there might be chances of diabetic disorders are diabetic dermadromes, diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperventilation, and levels of mental alertness.
If not diagnosed properly at early stages, they might cause problems initially, such as having the feeling of uneasiness and vomiting along with increased appetite.
Prolonged diabetes if unrecognized and not controlled during proper stages may lead to chronic health disorders, including the loss of eyesight by damaging blood vessels in the retina of the eye, acute heart pain, and stroke due to coronal artery misfunctioning. Sometimes it may also lead to severe kidney problems, requiring even dialysis or transplantation. Numbness and altered sensation to pain may result due to an effect on nervous system. There is no permanent cure for diabetes, but the primary and acute effects can always be kept at a distance by taking appropriate measures and exact medication depending on the level and stage of the Diabetes Mellitus.
The use of insulin sensitizers (such as biguanides, thiazolidinediones and so forth) that reduce the glycemic load by improving insulin production in peripheral tissues is encouraged at preliminary stages, while insulin pump therapy is administered at different periods of the day for severe hypoglycemic or insulin sensitive people. Proper medication, good diet, and healthy and fit exercise always aid in keeping diabetes under control.
